Author: nettunom

Mr. Granville
granville@fultonschools.org

Diversity of Life

#Honors Biology

Monday, April 8th 2013

Classification and Diversity

The Diversity of Life; from Viruses to Vertebrates

Inside this issue:

Standards / Objectives	1-2
Key Vocabulary	3
Unit Calendar	4
Important Dates	4
Text / Web Resources	1

What to read:
Classification (Ch.17)
Virus & Bacteria (Ch.18 & Ch 30.6)
Protists (Ch. 19)
Fungi (Ch. 19)
Plants (Ch. 20-22)
Invertebrates (Ch. 23-24)
Vertebrates (Ch. 25—26)
Web Resources:
Online Text
www.classzone.com
Activation Code:
2591491-10

Explain how and why Linneaus came up with his naming system.
List and explain the hierarchy from the most inclusive to least inclusive.
Explain how a dichotomous key is used to classify organisms.
What role does molecular evidence play in determining how closely two species are related to each other?
Describe the main features of a cladogram.
Why is the classification of life considered to be a work in progress?
What kingdoms are included in each of the three domains in the modern tree of life?
Summarize the lymphatic system’s function in the immune system.
What are the main differences between living cells and viruses?
Viruses, viroids, prions, and some bacteria can all be considered pathogens. What do all pathogens have in common?
Name and describe the main parts of a typical virus.
Compare and contrast a lytic infection and a lysogenic infection.
If the virus is a foreign invader, how is it possible for the proteins of its capsid to match the receptors on the host cell’s surface? Consider natural selection in your answer.
Name and describe two infectious viruses and a body’s first defense against infection.
Briefly describe how a vaccine can prevent some viral infections.
People infected with HIV, the virus that causes the disease AIDS, can become unable to fight off infections by organisms that normally do not harm people. Why is this so?
What are the three most common shapes of bacteria?
Why are bacteria and archaea classified into two different domains?
Prokaryotes will take up foreign DNA. How is this characteristic used in genetic engineering?
Describe two ways bacteria provide nutrients to humans.
What are two roles prokaryotes play in the cycling of elements in an ecosystem?
Identify ways in which the use of bioremediation either has improved the environment or has the potential to do so.
How do prokaryotes lend stability to an ecosystem?
What are two ways in which bacteria can cause diseases?
How can antibiotics stop bacterial infections?
What is antibiotic resistance, and how does it occur?
Why are antibiotics not effective against viruses?
Evolution is often thought of as taking thousands, or even millions, of year to occur. What are two reasons that antibiotic resistance has been able to evolve in bacteria so quickly?

Bacteriophage

The most common shapes of bacteria include rods, spheres, and spirals

Many bacteria are named after these shapes.
Spirochaeta

The different proteins that make up a viral capsid give viruses a variety of shapes.

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Key Vocabulary

Diversity of Life

Monday, April 8th 2013

What are the similarities and differences between bacteria and protista?
Why are protistis so difficult to classify?
What traits to green algae and plants have in common? Why are they separated into different kingdoms?
What kinds of organisms are pathogens? Give some examples from each kingdom.
Why do biologists argue that Euglena should be place with animal-like protists instead of plant-like protists?
Show the ecological importance of protists by drawing them in a food web. What would happen if nutrient levels in the water increased? Decreased?
Why doesn’t spraying water on slime molds work to destroy them?
Why did scientists separate fungi from the plant kingdom?
How do fungi use hyphae to obtain food?
What are the 3 functions of hyphae and what are each of these structures referred to as?
How do fungi symbiotically help plants obtain nutrients? Do fungi get any benefit?
What adaptations allow plants to survive on dry land?
Why can non vascular plants only grow near water? (2 reasons)
What are the evolutionary advantages of seeds?
Why is it difficult to avoid exposure to fungal spores and pollen?
What advantages does a vascular system give to plants?
How is reproduction different in gymnosperms and angiosperms?
What are the different classifications of plants?
What are the functions of each tissue type found in plants?
What role does transpiration play in moving water through a plant?
How are the specialized cells of xylem and phloem m suited for their functions?
How do the function of stems differ from those of roots? Are their any similarities?
Why aren't there as many stomata on the leaves of underwater plants?
Draw and explain alternation of generations.
How do the locations and development times of the male and female parts of a flower prevent self-fertilization?
What are 5 ways in which plants can respond to their environment?
What are the defining characteristics of the animal kingdom?
What is the advantage of a gastrovascular cavity?
How is the coelom used to distinguish between different groups of animals?
How does the water vascular system work?
What characteristics make arthropods unique?
How do arthropods excrete waste?
What are all the different ways arthropods exchange gas?
What characteristics do all chordates have?
How does the skeletal system differ between chordates and arthropods? What are the advantages/disadvantages of each?
What is the lateral line system and how does it work?
What is the purpose of countercurrent flow in gills?
How does the body and fin shape of the fish tell you about it’s habitat?
What evidence suggests that the first tetrapods were amphibians?
Why are fungal infections so harmful to amphibians?
Compare and contrast the structure of eggs laid by amphibians. Reptiles and birds?
What adaptations do reptiles have allowing them to survive in a dry climate?
How are ectotherms able to maintain homeostasis?
Why are 4 chambered hearts more efficient than 2 or 3 chambered hearts?
How is the birds body adapted for flight?
What are the different reproductive strategies for each of the 3 groups of mammals?
What evidence suggests that birds evolved from reptiles?
How are birds able to survive in hot and frigid environments while reptiles are not?
Compare and contract open and closed circulatory systems.

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Diversity of Life

Monday, April 8th 2013

Important Vocabulary (psst...know for test)

taxonomy
taxon
binomial nomenclature
phylogeny
cladogram
bacteria
archaea
eukarya
bacteria
disease
epidemiology
lymphatic system
virus
vaccine
retrovirus
pathogen
viroid
prion
bioremediation
toxin
antibiotic
capsid
bacteriophage
lytic infection
lysogenic infection
prophage
obligate anaerobe
obligate aerobe
plasmid
flagellum
conjugation
Endospore
Capsid
Envelope
Plasmid
Peptidoglycan
Gram-positive
Gram-negative
Binary Fission
Transformation
Transduction
Koch’s Postulates
Antibiotic Resistance

Protists
Protozoa
Amoeboid Protists
Pseudopod
Ciliates
Flagellates
Sporozoans
Plant-like Protists
Diatoms
Euglenoids
Dinoflagellates
Algae
Funguslike Protists
Slime Molds
Water Molds
Downy Mildews
Malaria
Algal Blooms
Chitin
Hyphae
Mycelium
Fruiting body
Mycorrhizae
Sporangia
Lichen
Plant
Cuticle
Stomata
Vascular System
Cellulose
Lignin
Pollen grain
Spore
Seed
Pollination
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm
Cone
Flower
Fruit
Cotyledon
Monocot
Dicot
Wood
Botany
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
Xylem / Phloem
Cohesion-tension theory
Transpiration
Pressure-flow Model
Meristem
Mesophyll
Guard Cells
Alternation of Generations
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
All Male /female parts of a flower
Endosperm
Germination
Hormone
Tropism (3 types)
Collagen
Vertebrate
Invertebrate
Bilateral Symmetry
Radial Symmetry
Protostome
Deuterostome
Sessile
Filter Feeder
Hydrostatic Skeleton
Exoskeleton
Endoskeleton
Gastrovascular Cavity
Nerve net
Gills
Open vs Closed Circulatory System
Cephalization
Cleavage
Blastula
Gastrulation
Differentiation
Coelom
Acoelomate
Pseudocoelomate
Sponge
Choanocytes
Amoebocyte
Cnidarian
Medusa
Polyp
Nematocyst
Planulae
Flatworm
Roundworm
Mollusk
Radula
Annelid
Segmentation
Seta
Septum
Arthropod
Appendage
Malpighian Tubule
Metamrorphosis
Echinoderms
Ossicle
Water – Vascular System
Chordate
Notochord
Countercurrent flow
Amphibian
Amniote
Ectotherm/endotherm
Placenta
Reptile
Oviparous / Vivparous
Bird
Air Sacs
Mammal
Mammary Gland

Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles in Viruses

Diversity of Life

Monday, April 8th 2013

Page #

April - May 2013

Important Dates

Mon	Tue	Wed	Thu	Fri
8 / Classification & Dichotomous Key / Introduce Diversity Project	9 / Plague Mystery	10 Bacteria	11 Plants	12 Flower Dissection Lab / Bring 2 copies of your SRP for Peer Editing Swap
15 / Itty Bitty City Lab / Due: Peer edits for return (do not return until after I have checked)	16 Fungi-Secrets of the Dead / Due: Email 4 contacts your SRP and ask for input on experimental design	Fungi—Mushroom Dissection & / Bread Mold Lab	18 / Invertebrates	19 / Invertebrates
22 / Invertebrates	23 / Invertebrates	24 / Vertebrates / Diversity Project Template Prep.	25 / Vertebrates	26 / Worm Dissection
29 / Grasshopper Dissection / Early turn in for Diversity Project	30 / Frog Dissection	1 / Frog Dissection / Extra Credit Game Due	2 / Diversity Test Review / Select Power Notes Due	3 / Unit 5 Test / Due: Newsletter Extra Credit
6 / EOCT Review Game / Due: Diversity Project	7 / EOCT / Human Systems Sign Up and Overview	8 / EOCT / Human Systems Sign Up and Overview	9 / EOCT / Human Systems Sign Up and Overview	10 / Rat Dissection
13 / Rat Dissection / Due: Final Copy of Experiment	14 / Rat Dissection	15 / Rat Dissection	16 / Rat Dissection	17 Rat Dissection Test / Due: Rat Dissection Extra Credit Study Guide
20 Present Human Anatomy Projects for remainder of week. (No additional Exam for Honors Biology)	21 8:30 - 10:20 5th period exam / 10:20 - 10:40 break / 10:40 - 12:30 6th period exam	22 8:30 - 10:20 1st period exam / 10:20 - 10:40 break / 10:40 - 12:30 2nd period exam	23 8:30 - 10:20 3rd period exam / 10:20 - 10:40 break / 10:40 - 12:30 4th period exam	Thanks for a great year!! / Have an awesome summer and see you in August :)

4/12 Bring 2 (typed) copies of your SRP to trade for peer editing. No paper, No trading (loose 5 points)
4/15 Peer edits due (do not return until you receive credit)
4/16- Email Paper to at least 4 Professionals
5/3- Unit 5 Diversity of Life Test
5/7-5/9 - EOCT (20 % of your semester grade)
5/6 Diversity Project Due
5/13- Spring Research Project Due (submit to turnitin.com by midnight on 5/12
5/17- Rat Dissection Test
5/20-5/23 - Finals/Human Anatomy Presentation Due)

Spring Research Project
Question
Rational (paragraph format)
Hypothesis (If……)
Experiment (include the experimental design diagram and procedure)
Analysis (paragraph format)